User and Group Quotas in linux step by step.

User and Group Quotas 

Apply Quota on users & Group 

Create required users & Group 

[root@server ~]# useradd tom 
[root@server ~]# groupadd salesgrp 
[root@server ~]# groupadd fingrp 
[root@server ~]# mkdir /salesdept 
[root@server ~]# useradd -g salesgrp sai
[root@server ~]# useradd -g salesgrp ram
[root@server ~]# useradd -G fingrp  tata
[root@server ~]# useradd -G fingrp  birla
Step 1 ) Create a required partition 
[root@server ~]# fdisk -l 

[root@server ~]# fdisk /dev/hda 
:n 
:w 
[root@server ~]# partprobe /dev/hda 
[root@server ~]# mkdir /salesdept 
[root@server ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda9 
Step 2) Mount the partition with user & group quota parameters. 
[root@server ~]# mount -o  usrquota,grpquota /dev/hda9 /salesdept
[root@server ~]# mount
[root@server ~]# chmod 777 /salesdept/ 

Step 3 ) Create the Quota Database file 
[root@server ~]# quotacheck -cugv /salesdept/ [root@server ~]# ls /salesdept/ 
aquota.group  aquota.user  lost+found 

Step 4) Check the quota Status 
[root@server ~]# quotaon -p /dev/hda9 

group quota on /salesdept (/dev/hda9) is off 
user quota on /salesdept (/dev/hda9) is off 

Step 5 ) Enable the quota  partition 
[root@server ~]# quotaon /dev/hda9 
[root@server ~]# quotaon -p /dev/hda9 

group quota on /salesdept (/dev/hda9) is on 
user quota on /salesdept (/dev/hda9) is on 

Step 6 ) Apply quota on a user tom 
[root@server ~]# edquota -u tom 
Disk quotas for user tom (uid 500): 
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft  hard 
/dev/hda9               0    0      0       0 3        5 
:wq 
[root@server ~]# su - tom 
[tom@server ~]$ cd /salesdept/ 
[tom@server salesdept]$ ll 
[tom@server salesdept]$ touch tfa 
[tom@server salesdept]$ touch tfb 
[tom@server salesdept]$ touch tfc 
[tom@server salesdept]$ touch tfd 
hda9: warning, user file quota exceeded. 

[tom@server salesdept]$ mkdir tda 
[tom@server salesdept]$ mkdir tdb 
hda9: write failed, user file limit reached. 
mkdir: cannot create directory `tdb': Disk quota exceeded 

Step6) Apply quota on a group salesgrp who has primary members as sai 
& ram 

[root@server ~]# edquota -g salesgrp

Disk quotas for group salesgrp (gid 501): 

Filesystem   blocks   soft  hard    inodes soft    hard 
 /dev/had9            0       0     0          5       3       5
            
:wq! 

[root@server ~]# cd /salesdept/ 
[root@server salesdept]# su sai 
[sai@server salesdept]$ groups salesgrp 
[sai@server salesdept]$ touch sai1 sai2 sai3 [sai@server salesdept]$ exit 
exit 
[root@server salesdept]# su ram 
[ram@server salesdept]$ groups 
salesgrp 
[ram@server salesdept]$ touch ram1 
hda9: warning, group file quota exceeded. [ram@server salesdept]$ touch ram3 
[ram@server salesdept]$ touch ram4 
hda9: write failed, group file limit reached. 
touch: cannot touch `ram4': Disk quota exceeded 

[ram@server salesdept]$ ll 
-rw------- 1 root root 7168 Jul 15 01:52 aquota.group
-rw------- 1 root root 7168 Jul 15 01:53 aquota.user
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Jul 15 01:38 lost+found
-rw-r--r-- 1 ram  salesgrp 0 Jul 15 01:53 ram1
-rw-r--r-- 1 ram  salesgrp 0 Jul 15 01:53 ram3
-rw-r--r-- 1 sai  salesgrp 0 Jul 15 01:53 sai1
-rw-r--r-- 1 sai  salesgrp 0 Jul 15 01:53 sai2
-rw-r--r-- 1 sai  salesgrp 0 Jul 15 01:53 sai3
drwxrwxr-x 2 tom  tom 4096 Jul 15 01:47 tda
-rw-rw-r-- 1 tom  tom 0 Jul 15 01:47 tfa
-rw-rw-r-- 1 tom  tom 0 Jul 15 01:47 tfb
-rw-rw-r-- 1 tom  tom 0 Jul 15 01:47 tfc
-rw-rw-r-- 1 tom  tom 0 Jul 15 01:47 tfd
Note : Quotas are not applicable on secondary group members